{"id":2146,"date":"2026-05-20T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-20T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/?p=2146"},"modified":"2026-10-21T14:12:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T13:12:24","slug":"hi1-hi2-hi3-interfaces-de-intercecao-legal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/resources\/blog\/hi1-hi2-hi3-lawful-interception-interfaces\/","title":{"rendered":"HI1 vs HI2 vs HI3: Compreender as tr\u00eas interfaces de interce\u00e7\u00e3o legal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compreender as interfaces HI1, HI2 e HI3 \u00e9 fundamental para implementar corretamente a interce\u00e7\u00e3o legal. No cerne de qualquer sistema de interce\u00e7\u00e3o legal encontra-se um conjunto de interfaces normalizadas que regem a forma como as comunica\u00e7\u00f5es interceptadas s\u00e3o geridas, processadas e entregues \u00e0s autoridades policiais. No quadro do ETSI \u2014 a norma dominante para a interce\u00e7\u00e3o legal na Europa e em grande parte do mundo \u2014 estas interfaces s\u00e3o designadas por HI1, HI2 e HI3. Em conjunto, formam a arquitetura completa de transfer\u00eancia que liga a rede de um operador \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/produtos\/solucoes-de-software\/centro-de-monitorizacao-das-forcas-de-seguranca\/\">centro de monitoriza\u00e7\u00e3o das for\u00e7as de seguran\u00e7a<\/a> (LEMF). Apesar da sua import\u00e2ncia fundamental, as distin\u00e7\u00f5es entre estas tr\u00eas interfaces s\u00e3o frequentemente mal compreendidas, mesmo por profissionais que trabalham nos setores das telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es e das for\u00e7as de seguran\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Este artigo fornece uma explica\u00e7\u00e3o clara e pormenorizada de cada interface - o que transporta, como funciona e porque \u00e9 importante. Compreender a HI1, a HI2 e a HI3 n\u00e3o \u00e9 apenas um exerc\u00edcio acad\u00e9mico; \u00e9 essencial para qualquer pessoa envolvida na conce\u00e7\u00e3o, aquisi\u00e7\u00e3o, implementa\u00e7\u00e3o ou opera\u00e7\u00e3o de um sistema de interce\u00e7\u00e3o legal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Compreender as interfaces HI1 HI2 HI3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before examining each interface individually, it is important to understand where they sit within the broader LI architecture. The ETSI model divides the interception process into several functional components. In the classic ETSI model (TS 101 671), the key components on the operator&#8217;s side are the internal interception function (IIF), which performs the actual interception within the network, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/produtos\/solucoes-de-software\/plataforma-de-mediacao-li\/\">fun\u00e7\u00e3o de media\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a> (MF), which translates the intercepted data into the standardised formats required by the handover interfaces. Current ETSI and 3GPP architectures (TS 104 007, TS 103 221, 3GPP TS 33.127) call them the point of interception (POI) and the mediation and delivery function (MDF). On the law enforcement side, the LEMF receives the intercepted data and provides tools for analysis and investigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As tr\u00eas interfaces HI abrangem a fronteira entre o dom\u00ednio do operador e o dom\u00ednio da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da lei. A HI1 trata do interc\u00e2mbio administrativo, a HI2 transmite informa\u00e7\u00f5es relacionadas com a interce\u00e7\u00e3o e a HI3 transmite o conte\u00fado das comunica\u00e7\u00f5es. Cada interface funciona de forma independente, embora as tr\u00eas devam trabalhar em conjunto para apoiar uma opera\u00e7\u00e3o de interce\u00e7\u00e3o completa. A separa\u00e7\u00e3o destas fun\u00e7\u00f5es em interfaces distintas garante que os aspectos administrativos, de metadados e de conte\u00fado da interce\u00e7\u00e3o possam ser geridos, protegidos e processados de acordo com os seus diferentes requisitos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HI1: A interface administrativa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O HI1 \u00e9 a interface administrativa entre os servi\u00e7os respons\u00e1veis pela aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da lei e o operador. O seu principal objetivo \u00e9 transmitir a ordem de interce\u00e7\u00e3o do servi\u00e7o de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da lei ao operador e gerir o ciclo de vida da interce\u00e7\u00e3o - desde a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o, passando pela modifica\u00e7\u00e3o, at\u00e9 \u00e0 desativa\u00e7\u00e3o. O HI1 \u00e9 o canal de comando e controlo do processo de interce\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Atrav\u00e9s do HI1, a autoridade respons\u00e1vel pela aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da lei comunica os detalhes da ordem de interce\u00e7\u00e3o, incluindo a identidade do alvo (que pode ser especificada pelo n\u00famero de telefone, IMSI, IMEI, endere\u00e7o IP, endere\u00e7o de correio eletr\u00f3nico ou outro identificador), o \u00e2mbito da interce\u00e7\u00e3o (apenas conte\u00fado, apenas metadados ou ambos), a dura\u00e7\u00e3o autorizada e quaisquer par\u00e2metros ou restri\u00e7\u00f5es espec\u00edficos. O operador acusa a rece\u00e7\u00e3o da ordem, confirma a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o e informa sobre o estado da interce\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O HI1 tamb\u00e9m trata das altera\u00e7\u00f5es a uma interce\u00e7\u00e3o existente - por exemplo, prolongando a dura\u00e7\u00e3o, alterando o identificador do alvo ou ajustando o \u00e2mbito - e da desativa\u00e7\u00e3o da interce\u00e7\u00e3o quando a autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o expira ou \u00e9 revogada. Em algumas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es, o HI1 tamb\u00e9m suporta a troca de metadados administrativos, como n\u00fameros de mandados, refer\u00eancias de processos e c\u00f3digos de resposta do operador.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The implementation of HI1 varies significantly between jurisdictions and operators. In some countries, HI1 is a fully automated, machine-to-machine interface using defined protocols and message formats. In others, it remains a largely manual process, with interception orders delivered by fax, secure email, or physical document and acknowledged through similar channels. ETSI TS 103 120 now defines a complete electronic HI1 protocol, and 3GPP requires 5G networks to support it, but national legal and institutional arrangements still vary widely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A seguran\u00e7a \u00e9 uma preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o fundamental para o HI1, uma vez que cont\u00e9m informa\u00e7\u00f5es sens\u00edveis sobre opera\u00e7\u00f5es de interce\u00e7\u00e3o activas. O acesso n\u00e3o autorizado ao HI1 pode revelar ao alvo a exist\u00eancia de uma interce\u00e7\u00e3o ou permitir a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o de intercep\u00e7\u00f5es n\u00e3o autorizadas. Por conseguinte, as aplica\u00e7\u00f5es devem incluir uma autentica\u00e7\u00e3o forte, cifragem, controlos de acesso e registo de auditoria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HI2: A interface de informa\u00e7\u00e3o relacionada com a interce\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O HI2 \u00e9 a interface para o fornecimento de informa\u00e7\u00f5es relacionadas com a interce\u00e7\u00e3o (IRI) \u00e0 LEMF. As IRI s\u00e3o os metadados associados \u00e0s comunica\u00e7\u00f5es interceptadas - quem, quando, onde e como da comunica\u00e7\u00e3o, sem o conte\u00fado propriamente dito. A HI2 \u00e9 frequentemente descrita como a interface de metadados, e as informa\u00e7\u00f5es que transporta s\u00e3o cruciais para as investiga\u00e7\u00f5es policiais, fornecendo frequentemente tanto ou mais valor de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o do que o pr\u00f3prio conte\u00fado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The IRI delivered over HI2 typically includes the identities of the communicating parties (calling and called numbers, IMSI, IMEI), the time and duration of the communication, the type of service (voice, SMS, data), the network elements involved, cell identifiers and location information, IP addresses and port numbers, and signalling information such as SIP headers or Diameter messages. The specific data elements included in the IRI vary depending on the type of communication and the network technology, and are defined in the applicable handover standard: ETSI TS 102 232-2 to -7 for IP-based services, ETSI TS 101 671 \/ 3GPP TS 33.108 for legacy mobile and circuit-switched services, and 3GPP TS 33.128 for 5G.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os dados HI2 s\u00e3o codificados utilizando ASN.1 (Abstract Syntax Notation One), que fornece um formato formal e estruturado para representar os elementos de dados IRI. A utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do ASN.1 garante que os dados possam ser codificados e descodificados de forma inequ\u00edvoca em diferentes implementa\u00e7\u00f5es, promovendo a interoperabilidade entre operadores e <a href=\"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/solucoes\/acompanhamento-das-forcas-da-ordem\/\">organismos respons\u00e1veis pela aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da lei<\/a>. HI2 and HI3 are protected either by a private managed network, by a VPN (for example the IPsec crypto boxes mandated in Germany), or by TLS 1.2\/1.3 with certificate-based mutual authentication, depending on the national framework; delivery uses TCP to ensure reliable, in-order delivery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the complexities of HI2 is the need to generate IRI events in real time as the intercepted communication progresses. For a voice call, this means generating events for call setup, ringing, answer, call modification (such as hold or conference), and call release. For a data session, it means generating events for session establishment, address allocation, bearer activation, and session termination. The interception points in the network detect the call or session events, and the mediation function turns them into standard IRI records with accurate timestamps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O HI2 \u00e9 particularmente importante para investiga\u00e7\u00f5es que envolvam o rastreio de localiza\u00e7\u00e3o, a an\u00e1lise de redes e a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de padr\u00f5es de vida. Os metadados fornecidos pelo HI2 podem revelar padr\u00f5es de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o, movimentos geogr\u00e1ficos e utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da rede que s\u00e3o fundamentais para muitos tipos de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o criminal. Para os operadores, garantir a integridade e a exatid\u00e3o dos dados HI2 \u00e9 uma m\u00e9trica de qualidade fundamental para os seus sistemas de LI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">HI3: O conte\u00fado da interface de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HI3 is the interface for delivering the content of communications (CC) to the LEMF. CC is the actual substance of the intercepted communication \u2014 the voice audio, the web pages viewed, the emails sent and received, the files transferred. (SMS is the classic exception: in 3GPP networks its text is delivered as IRI over HI2.) HI3 is the interface that carries the material that law enforcement needs to understand what the target is communicating, as opposed to the metadata about how and when the communication occurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O formato e o volume dos dados CC variam enormemente em fun\u00e7\u00e3o do tipo de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o interceptada. No caso das chamadas de voz, o CC \u00e9 um fluxo de \u00e1udio em tempo real, normalmente codificado utilizando codecs padr\u00e3o como AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate) ou G.711. No caso das sess\u00f5es de dados, o CC consiste nos pacotes IP trocados pelo alvo, que podem incluir tr\u00e1fego Web, mensagens de correio eletr\u00f3nico, transfer\u00eancias de ficheiros, streaming media e qualquer outro tipo de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o baseada em IP. O volume de dados gerado por uma \u00fanica interce\u00e7\u00e3o de dados pode ser ordens de grandeza superior ao gerado por uma interce\u00e7\u00e3o de voz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HI3 delivery must be real-time for voice and near-real-time for data. The intercepted content must be delivered to the LEMF with minimal latency to support time-critical investigations. For IP-based handover (ETSI TS 102 232), all content, including voice, is wrapped in PS-PDUs and sent over TCP (protected by a VPN or TLS). Captured RTP media becomes the payload of these PDUs rather than being sent as RTP. Legacy circuit-switched handover uses ISDN bearer channels instead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The handling of encrypted content on HI3 is one of the most challenging aspects of modern LI. If the target&#8217;s communications are encrypted at the application layer (for example, using end-to-end encryption in a messaging application), the operator may only be able to deliver the encrypted content on HI3, which is of limited value to law enforcement. Operators must remove any encryption they apply or manage themselves, or supply the keys (3GPP TS 33.126). End-to-end encryption applied by an over-the-top application is outside the operator&#8217;s control, so the operator can only deliver that content as it sees it \u2014 and the growing prevalence of such encryption is creating a widening gap between what law enforcement expects and what operators can deliver.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Como as tr\u00eas interfaces funcionam em conjunto<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Numa opera\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00edpica de interce\u00e7\u00e3o, as tr\u00eas interfaces funcionam em conjunto da seguinte forma. Em primeiro lugar, a autoridade policial transmite uma ordem de interce\u00e7\u00e3o ao operador atrav\u00e9s da HI1, especificando o alvo, o \u00e2mbito e a dura\u00e7\u00e3o. O operador <a href=\"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/produtos\/solucoes-de-software\/sistema-de-gestao-das-intercepcoes-legais\/\">Sistema de gest\u00e3o LI<\/a> processes the order, validates the warrant, and provisions the points of interception (POIs) and the mediation function over X1 to begin intercepting the target&#8217;s communications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the target initiates or receives a communication, the POIs capture the relevant signalling and content and pass them to the mediation function over X2 and X3. The mediation function processes this data, turning the detected events into IRI records encoded in ASN.1 format for delivery over HI2, and encapsulating the CC for delivery over HI3. Both streams are transmitted securely to the LEMF, where they are correlated and presented to investigators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Durante toda a interce\u00e7\u00e3o, o HI1 permanece ativo para fins administrativos - a ag\u00eancia de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da lei pode utiliz\u00e1-lo para solicitar actualiza\u00e7\u00f5es de estado, modificar os par\u00e2metros de interce\u00e7\u00e3o ou emitir uma ordem de desativa\u00e7\u00e3o. Quando a interce\u00e7\u00e3o termina, o operador confirma a desativa\u00e7\u00e3o atrav\u00e9s do HI1 e cessa a entrega de IRI e CC atrav\u00e9s dos HI2 e HI3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Considera\u00e7\u00f5es pr\u00e1ticas para os operadores<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os operadores que implementam as tr\u00eas interfaces HI devem ter em conta v\u00e1rias considera\u00e7\u00f5es de ordem pr\u00e1tica. A primeira \u00e9 o dimensionamento do sistema. As interfaces HI2 e HI3 devem ser dimensionadas para lidar com o volume esperado de intercepta\u00e7\u00f5es simult\u00e2neas sem perda de dados ou lat\u00eancia excessiva. No caso de intercep\u00e7\u00f5es com grande volume de dados, os requisitos de largura de banda para a HI3 podem ser substanciais, pelo que os operadores devem garantir que a sua infraestrutura de entrega est\u00e1 adequadamente aprovisionada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second consideration is security. All three interfaces carry sensitive information and must be protected against unauthorised access, eavesdropping, and tampering. This requires a protected delivery path (a private network, VPN or TLS with mutual authentication, as the national framework prescribes) and comprehensive audit logging. Security failures on any of the three interfaces can compromise the integrity of the interception process and potentially expose sensitive law enforcement operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A terceira considera\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 a interoperabilidade. Os operadores devem garantir que as suas implementa\u00e7\u00f5es de HI s\u00e3o compat\u00edveis com os sistemas utilizados pelos servi\u00e7os de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da lei na sua jurisdi\u00e7\u00e3o. Normalmente, isto requer testes formais de interoperabilidade, o que pode ser um processo moroso. Os operadores devem colaborar com os seus contactos t\u00e9cnicos nacionais de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da lei no in\u00edcio do processo de desenvolvimento para identificar e resolver problemas de compatibilidade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclus\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As interfaces HI1, HI2 e HI3 constituem a espinha dorsal da arquitetura de transfer\u00eancia da interce\u00e7\u00e3o legal do ETSI. A HI1 fornece o canal de controlo administrativo, a HI2 fornece os metadados ricos que s\u00e3o essenciais para as investiga\u00e7\u00f5es e a HI3 transporta o conte\u00fado real das comunica\u00e7\u00f5es interceptadas. Em conjunto, permitem uma capacidade de interce\u00e7\u00e3o completa, baseada em normas, que apoia as necessidades dos operadores e das autoridades policiais. Compreender os diferentes pap\u00e9is, requisitos t\u00e9cnicos e desafios pr\u00e1ticos de cada interface \u00e9 essencial para qualquer pessoa envolvida na conce\u00e7\u00e3o, implementa\u00e7\u00e3o ou opera\u00e7\u00e3o de sistemas de interce\u00e7\u00e3o legal em redes de telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es modernas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A implementa\u00e7\u00e3o correta das interfaces HI1, HI2 e HI3 \u00e9 essencial para <a href=\"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/solucoes\/intercecao-legal\/\">conformidade com a interce\u00e7\u00e3o legal<\/a>. Os operadores devem testar exaustivamente as suas implementa\u00e7\u00f5es HI1, HI2 e HI3 antes de as colocarem em funcionamento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Artigos relacionados<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre temas relacionados, consulte estes artigos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/?p=2144\">ETSI TS 103 120 Explained: The Electronic HI1 Warrant Interface<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/?p=2150\">IRI vs CC: o que significa na pr\u00e1tica a informa\u00e7\u00e3o relacionada com a interce\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/?p=2154\">Interfaces X1\/X2\/X3 em 5G: a arquitetura 3GPP LI explicada<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recursos externos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os seguintes recursos externos fornecem contexto adicional e documenta\u00e7\u00e3o oficial:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etsi.org\/technologies\/lawful-interception\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Normas de interce\u00e7\u00e3o legal do ETSI<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Understanding HI1 HI2 HI3 interfaces is fundamental to implementing lawful interception correctly. At the heart of every lawful interception system [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":2352,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technical-standards-architecture"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/ic-services.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/hi1-hi2-hi3-lawful-interception-interfaces-ethernet.jpg",1127,750,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/ic-services.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/hi1-hi2-hi3-lawful-interception-interfaces-ethernet-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/ic-services.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/hi1-hi2-hi3-lawful-interception-interfaces-ethernet-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/ic-services.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/hi1-hi2-hi3-lawful-interception-interfaces-ethernet-768x511.jpg",768,511,true],"large":["https:\/\/ic-services.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/hi1-hi2-hi3-lawful-interception-interfaces-ethernet-1024x681.jpg",1024,681,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/ic-services.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/hi1-hi2-hi3-lawful-interception-interfaces-ethernet.jpg",1127,750,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/ic-services.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/hi1-hi2-hi3-lawful-interception-interfaces-ethernet.jpg",1127,750,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/ic-services.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/hi1-hi2-hi3-lawful-interception-interfaces-ethernet-18x12.jpg",18,12,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"David Son","author_link":"https:\/\/ic-services.io\/pt\/author\/david\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Understanding HI1 HI2 HI3 interfaces is fundamental to implementing lawful interception correctly. 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